Kusanthula ndi njira zowongolera za mulu wa pansi pa mulu wokumba mozungulira

Dothi la pansi pa mulu likhoza kupangidwa pomanga mabowo oboola, kuika khola lachitsulo, ndi kuthira konkire. Kusanthula kukuwonetsa kuti zomwe zimayambitsa matope zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

1.1 Kugwa kwa khoma la dzenje la dzenje

1.1.1 Kusanthula Zoyambitsa mu dzenje la mulu; gawo lamatope ndilochepa kwambiri, mphamvu yoyimitsidwa ndi yochepa; chida chonyamulira pobowola chimakhala chofulumira kwambiri kuti chipange kuyamwa kwa dzenje; pobowola, matope amatsika ndipo matope omwe ali mu dzenje sakubwezeretsedwanso panthawi yake; chida chobowola chimakanda khoma la dzenje; khoma la dzenje; khola lolimbitsa silinatsanulidwe konkire pambuyo pa dzenje lomaliza, ndipo khoma la dzenje ndi lalitali kwambiri.

1.1.2 Njira zowongolera: onjezerani kutalika kwa chubu chachitsulo chachitsulo malinga ndi momwe mapangidwe ake; kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa matope, kuonjezera kukhuthala kwa matope ndikuchepetsa gawo pansi ndikuwongolera kubowola kuti mudzaze pobowola ndikupewa malo oyamwa; kwezani dzenje ndikuchepetsa khola lachitsulo kukhala lapakati komanso loyimirira pambuyo pa dzenje lomaliza kuti muchepetse nthawi yothandizira.

1.2 Mvula yamatope

1.2.1 Kusanthula chifukwa

Zochita zamatope ndizosayenerera, chitetezo cha khoma ndi chosauka; nthawi yodikirira isanafike kudzoza ndi yayitali kwambiri, mvula yamatope; mchenga wamatope ndi wochuluka.

1.2.2 Njira zowongolera

Konzani matope ndi magawo oyenera, kuyesa kwanthawi yake ndikusintha magwiridwe antchito amatope; kufupikitsa nthawi yodikirira ma perfusion ndikupewa mvula yamatope; khazikitsani thanki yamatope kapena cholekanitsa matope kuti mulekanitse matope ndikusintha momwe matope amagwirira ntchito.

1.3 borehole zotsalira

1.3.1 Kusanthula chifukwa

Kupindika kapena kuvala kwa chida chobowola pansi ndi chachikulu kwambiri, ndipo kutayikira kwamatope kumatulutsa zinyalala; pobowola pansi dongosolo palokha ndi ochepa, monga masanjidwe kutalika ndi matayala a kubowola mano, amene amachititsa mochulukira zinyalala zotsalira.

1.3.2 Njira zowongolera

Sankhani zida zoyenera zobowolera, ndipo yang'anani pansi pakubowola pafupipafupi; kuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwapansi ndikukhazikika pansi; nthawi yake kuwotcherera m'mimba mwake Mzere, m'malo kwambiri ankavala mano m'mphepete; sinthani bwino momwe mungapangire ngodya ndi matayala a mano obowola; kuonjezera chiwerengero cha kuchotsa slag kuchepetsa zotsalira za mulu pansi.

1.4 Njira yochotsera mabowo

1.4.1 Kusanthula chifukwa

Kuyamwa kumayambitsa kuyeretsa dzenje; matope akugwira ntchito mopanda malire, matope sangathe kuchitidwa pansi pa dzenje; ntchito yoyeretsa dzenje sinasankhidwe, ndipo matope sangathe kutsukidwa.

1.4.2 Njira zowongolera

Lamulirani mphamvu yoyamwa ya mpope kuti muchepetse mphamvu pakhoma la dzenje, sinthani slurry ndikusintha ndondomeko yamatope, ndikusankha njira yoyenera yoyeretsera dzenje molingana ndi momwe mukubowola.

Sekondale pobowola luso la makina pobowola mozungulira woboola mulu

Pobowola mozungulira, njira zoyenera ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zisawonongeke. Pambuyo kulimbikitsa khola ndi kutsanulira chitoliro, yoyenera yachiwiri dzenje kuyeretsa ndondomeko ayenera kusankhidwa mankhwala sediment. Kuchotsa dzenje lachiwiri ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yochotsera matope pansi pa dzenje mutatha kukumba dzenje, kulowa mu khola lachitsulo ndi catheter ya perfusion. Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa njira yoyeretsera mabowo achiwiri ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchotse dongo la dzenje ndikuwonetsetsa kuti uinjiniya wa muluwo ndi wabwino. Pakalipano, teknoloji yachiwiri yoyeretsa dzenje la dzenje la kukumba mulu mumsikawu likhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu otsatirawa malinga ndi kayendedwe ka matope: matope abwino oyeretsa dzenje, kuyeretsa dzenje lozungulira ndi zida zobowola popanda kuyeretsa dzenje lozungulira matope.